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* The other big problem cyberbullying virtual

We define cyberbullying or cyber-bullying and psychological aggression, sustained and repeated over time, perpetrated by one or several individuals against others, using new technologies.

cyber produces a devastating effect on its victims, undermining their well-being and invading much needed space for the child as their rest or study time.

The forms that are varied and are limited only by the technological expertise and imagination of children bullies.

Specific examples might be: Hanging

Internet
• compromised image (Real or made through photomontages) sensitive data, things that might harm or embarrass the victim and make it known in its relations environment. Register
• with photo included, the victim in a site where a vote is the ugliest person, the less intelligent ... and charge points or votes to appear on the top. Create a profile
• false or space on behalf of the victim, which is written as a first-person confessions certain personal events, demands explicit sexual contacts .. Let
• offensive comments in forums or chats aggressively participate impersonating the victim so that the reactions will then directed to those who have experienced the impersonation. Giving high
• email address in some sites so that later fall victim to spam, contact with strangers.
• steal your email password, and changes so that the rightful owner can not access, read the messages that arrive in your mailbox will violate their privacy.
• Provoking the victim into Web services that have a person responsible for monitoring or moderate what goes on there (chat rooms, online games, virtual communities ...) to get a backlash that, once reported or evidenced, I suppose exclusion of who I really was being the victim.
• Circulating rumors in which the victim is reprehensible behavior involves, offensive or unfair, so are others who, without questioning what they read, exercise their own forms of retribution or harassment.
• sent messages threatening e-mail or SMS, chasing and stalking the victim in the Internet sites on a regular basis is related to provoke a feeling of complete despondency.

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* Grooming - An Unexpected Visitor

A young personal data published on the internet and discussed in chat that would be home alone that evening.
"One distasteful" read this and decided to go visit ...

Do you think she did the right thing? Write recommendations on this case.

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* Publishing photos on the


Some of our "best stories" tend to have excesses that keep bad idea in pictures. Therefore
publish online are not always the best idea.
Watch the video and said if she thought was right.
How could affect your life and opinions of others in your future?

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network * A new friendship without limits.

Having many friend @ s new can be exciting for you. And really want this "friendship" was real.
The question is: Have you
where you go in your enthusiasm to chat with ell @ s ?
Watch this video and write your opinion.

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* If you receive an unexpected message ...


Often the cell becomes a problem, especially if you receive unexpected messages. If it is important
great recomendaciónpara you - do not forward.
So you can avoid many unexpected problems.

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activities Experience with Vastu Vidya, the origin of Feng Shui

Building in harmony with nature

In India the most famous temples and buildings are constructed according rich laws of nature over sized in Sthapatya closures, architectural knowledge in harmony with the universe. We could say that is like building a high speed vehicle for properly complying with the laws of aerodynamics. Failure to comply will decrease its speed, safety and increase expenses and loss of time. So if any construction, either, building, home, business, fourth, store etc., Well done, according to the laws that interact with the elements that make up nature, people who live or work there is benefit in many respects.
The first sensation is a great peace in the place. Allows the mind to function properly and not create any disturbance or unrest.
Now, considering that many of the tasks depend on the good state of mind, as it says in the Bhagavad gita, which may be the best friend or worst enemy, then, tasks, activities, studies, etc.., may be conducted with efficiency and effectiveness. Of course this translates into prosperity.

Sadly, poorly built places can cause illness or even increase.
To test this, you just have to leave for a few days the place and experience another subtle energy, in case you have any disease.
For study and work or any activity that requires concentration is very important to the direction you look at the person. Vastu
As a consultant, the author has had experience with people with this type of situation. Unfortunately, for some people, not to be open-minded have not agreed to follow the suggestions given these Vastu scriptures thousands of years ago.

elements: land or what comes of it or become land, water, fire, air and ether must be well managed to produce no long-term imbalances in place and people.
For example, a misplaced toilet in the house can increase or cause diseases due to imbalance of the waste water especially. We know for example that if someone does not work well the liver or kidneys, purifying the blood will be poor causing disease. Unable to dispose of body wastes is very harmful to health.

Just a place has its inputs and outputs, and if they do not work properly for the incorrect use of the elements are to produce organic imbalances in place.

A good doctor makes corrections in the diet, emotions, and further suggests medicines. A mechanic also makes suggestions for using a car. A dentist for teeth and so on.
With good information if you are smart progresses. Suffer in ignorance.

This science of vastu vidya is very old and yet still be implemented in India and East. The architect who practiced vastu is a consultant in construction.

Videos vastu vidya research.

More information:

http://vrinda.vaisnava.hu/jyotish/

http://kaladev.blogspot.com/

start

Photo: Yagannath Sri Swami Temple in Yagannath Puri, India.
More information: radhakripadas@hotmail.com

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* Beware of Social Networking

While super fun to have a space on some social networks like Facebook, MySpace, Netlog or Hi5 and others have seen that there are major problems when our data are taken by unscrupulous people and can cause many problems.
Pay attention to this news and take precautions.

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* Guardians in Peru

Computer Police
Research Division High Technology Crime is the executing agency of the Department of Criminal Investigation's mission is to investigate, report and combat transnational organized crime (globalized) and other nationally important facts in the field of the Crimes Against Freedom, Against Heritage, Public Safety, Public Peace, Defense Against and National Security Against Industrial Property and others, committed through the use of information technology and communication, seizing evidence, evidence and proof, identifying, locating and arresting the perpetrators with the aim of making them available to the competent authority. ( more information.)

perform the virtual Patrol providing Internet security for all Peruvians.

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* Ciber rights to Children and Adolescents

What would you change in the Internet? What problems in the network know?
How can you defend yourself or ask for help when something or someone bothers you?

UNICEF is concerned about the protection of children against the dangers of illegal and criminal use of Internet, but so is by increasing the digital divide between children from North and South, the cities and rural areas, between boys and girls
So 2004 in the International Day for Safer Internet introduced DECALOGUE OF CHILDREN'S RIGHTS IN INTERNET .

You can find it in the folowing address:

Http://www.ciberderechos-infancia.net/e-derechos-unicef.html

Nadina Jansen Chrissi

* Problems in cyberspace

While Internet us resources we can learn and enjoy services that have resources. There

find good people and bad people, for the same information good and the other is not.
A look at these issues allowed us to establish this list:

• Grooming (harassment and child pornography)
• Apology to the Anorexia and Bulimia
• Safety management
Mobile
• Cyberbullying (Harassment among children through ICTs)
• Drug Trafficking
• Sexting (Tampering with personal pictures)

What do you think is the problem that occurs most impact?

What do you suggest to solve these problems?.

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* Social Networking -! Careful what you write * Sexting

Many girls believe that getting involved in a Social Network allows you to make new friends and be popular.
Unfortunately we can not meet all Cybernavegantes that haunt these sites as Hi5, Facebook, Netlog and others.
The following video shows a real problem for Sarah.
What would you do instead?

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-A fashion smart navigation problems

L @ s young people today are starting in spaces for dialogue and exchange of information called Social Networks.
why a new trend has appeared The sexting : consists of sending sexual content (mostly photographs or video) produced usually by the same court, to other people through mobile phones.
Often the lack of maturity or simply wanting to show to others caused much @ s very suggestive photographs published and even without clothes.
What appears to be a game or fashion of young people can have consequences not very pleasant as we shall see below.

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must be taken into account our security while browsing the Internet. Do not know who is the other side of the Web

What is the first rule of Intelligent Navigation ? Maintain maximum anonymity . That means keeping all your personal information privacy. If someone does, consider it a warning signal that can hide ulterior motives.

Many children and young people never thought that this detail was important and had major problems like cyberbullying or other online annoyances.

More information here KidsHealth

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* * Learn to move segur @ in Internet

Did you know you can have fun while you learn to take care of the dangers on the Internet?

then enters the next page where you can find some recommendations for Internet surfing and fun way to learn about Internet safety.

Chicos.net - our space.

also visit the recommended links on this Blog and Add Your Own.

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* Internet Safe for

There are many institutions that are committed to making the Internet is a safe space where learning can surf, having fun and getting to know new things about the world and your concerns.
This poster contains some pointers that will help prevent potential dangers on the Net

can print it and share it with your friend @ s and comrades s school.

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appeared A new medium with new technologies this is: Internet .
is important to know as appeared in the history of telecommunications, how it works, its applications and that we find useful in it.
Review this presentation and explain your point of view.

Internet and Education

View more presentations from nmenap1 .

Merylin Sakovamilena Velba

tod @ s! Hello cybernauts

One of the things we enjoy is to use the computer, cellphones and whatever new technology we can achieve.
One of the places we enjoy to know and see is the Internet, Cyber \u200b\u200bsurfing the space like a small boat at sea, so we can call C. ybernautas.
But ...
Have you thought those most enter the Cyber \u200b\u200bSpace?
Join us to find out Junt @ s .
The following video below will help us think about it.

Watch Aubrey Miles Xerex

* Internet and Education * Learning to use new technologies

history always in the emergence of new technologies posed a new challenge: how to use them properly.
Here a little humor on the subject.

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* History of Technology

Hello s Welcome to this Blog

Today I share a Little History of Technology to see as it evolved to today.
in the XXI century we have many devices that facilitate our communication and learning.

A them have called "Information Technology and Communication" (ICT). D

and so we say that the technology is part of our lives because we use it constantly.
The truth is that the technology evolved to the phones and computers we know today.

The following video will help to illustrate this process:

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I am pleased to greet begins May

Sean siempre bienvenidos a este sitio donde se busca de a poquito, pero con esfuerzo, dar a conocer ciertas peculiaridades del mundo de las artes visuales en todos sus aspectos. Además de compartir gratamente nuestros trabajos que con tanto cariño realizamos. Espero disfruten de este post y comenten que les parecen las cosas que van apareciendo. Les dejo un abrazo y un dibujo que me llevó un "poquito" de trabajo. Hasta el próximo lunes.

Las puertitas Mr. López
"p-P-I can go to the toilet? ...

What many might be a question with no relevance to the protagonist of the series is an escape passage in their moments of greatest distress. A passport allows you to travel to a pseudo-surreal caricature of the situation they are living.
What is the true whereabouts of Mr. Lopez in these releases apparently illusory? How we present the time in these circumstances? Nothing can end up being a true answer irrefutable, but what if you can determine is that it is not certain that the trips that are definitely deceptive, and there are many indications that show a discrepancy between the time experienced by the protagonist in "travel" and the time lag of other side of the toilet door. These two questions I think are critical, since the idea of \u200b\u200bwhat we want to convey diametrically varies depending on how you consider the movement of time and the accuracy of the space where they reach the facts. For example, if we take as real scenarios where Mr. Lopez to appear through a door, would inevitably to reconsider the notion of reality. At the same time, considering that these passages are not mere hallucinations, we should also rethink the nature of the character, what is the role played within those worlds and why his personality is so submissive depending on where you are.
Anyway, these are some of the many questions that are made when one reads the work of the famous duo Trillo / Altuna. Work for ourselves this simple question functions as Lopez usually be done in many ways, "Does the toilet?" A passport to many worlds, which displays the miseries of human beings and where there is no doubt the level of responsibility.
In my humble opinion, "The little doors of Mr. Smith" is a fine reading of the behavior of human groups. A work force that does not lose with the passing of the years and that must necessarily be treated very carefully.

Edgardo Vega

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Monday 4 May. The days, weeks, months and even years, we leave quickly. That's why we live the time given in the most intense possible and update the blog (if you have one) to not miss a beat. So good, taking advantage of this absurd but somewhat successful introduction, I leave in principle with some pictures of my authorship. A hug to all of you and hope you enjoy it.

The eldest

There is a large number of authors who have managed to leave their work behind a world of symbols and meanings that await after stains immediately detectable in each frame. This space is dedicated to the wonders of the ninth art that bring us one step closer to our fulfillment as human beings.
Boogie the oily, brought to this plane of the hand of our beloved Norberto Fontanarrosa, the first proposal is chosen, and a clear example of the above. the possibility that I came into my possession, when the newspaper Clarin published in January 2007, a weak but readable edition of this work. By having the opportunity to read it without interruption since the birth of the character to the latest publications (although not all publications place), I could see a significant change which set out clearly growing, the sinister nature Boggie cradled in her womb.
Starting with a narrative that defines the character of a partial, although very involved in shadow and from acid humor difficult to digest at first reading, the pace and give general climate very gradual shift towards the true inner nature of mercenary Yankee. What at first can pass through simple indifference or contempt, cynicism becomes coldly measured. The apparent uncontrolled brutality can be interpreted later as a personal task of cultural extermination. Racism, intolerance and contempt towards the other, insecure people are locked in harmful social schemes are some of the topics dealt with Boggie Fontanarrosa oil. Completely exposed from a refined intelligence and without losing at all the perspective that the character has about the world. It is undoubtedly a hard work deserves analysis, since it offers a social worldview seriously compromised.

Edgardo Vega

Boogey time

Click

here to download a selection of Boogey.

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A VARIATION

After some time without making any updates, I'm back at last. has come to hand a picture of Jorge Quintero, the cartoonist responsible for "Tino" (our previous update)

This opportunity offers an interesting variant of the world-famous poster of Uncle Sam , drawn in 1917 by artist James Montgomery Flagg for forces American military.
I hope you enjoy and comment. Very soon there will be reforms in the blog and weekly updates. Greetings to everyone.

Edgardo Vega

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MUSICAL HERITAGE AND TRADITION

chilote In the musical heritage , has not been possible so far to find scores to record the musical repertoire of the island communities during the period of the Jesuit missions, since the founding of the church to Achao expulsion order, which occurred in 1767. So it is likely that these writings have never existed, because the missionary strategy adopted by the Ignatian order was different from the Indian system of reductions performed in the Amazonian region of Paraguay and Bolivia. In Chiloé, evangelizing activity is handled through the called "missions circular" , which consisted of visits periodic evangelistic communities located on each island. Thus, the great temples, such as Achao, only to Christianity met on the occasion of certain festivals of the liturgical year.

Considering this situation, the establishment Achao a permanent chapel and school musicians singing and instruments was not appropriate in the circumstances. As a counterpart, we developed a varied musical practice religious oral tradition, which has been preserved and enriched until today, without having suffered a discontinuity. Therefore, it can be argued that in Chiloé are facing a case of religious musical heritage, historically continuous since its genesis, which still can see the link with the European traditions brought by the missionaries.

are mainly outlined issues which have motivated us to make this festival, where they meet the music of Christian devotion, Mary and patron saints with academic interpretations of old colonial music. Note that invited this year sets this code with a special dedication to the Jesuit legacy. Therefore, file the center of these musical practices in the historical and heritage of the church of Santa Maria di Loreto is a Achao other appropriate action to necessary.

is also important to emphasize the direct involvement of children and young musicians belonging to different communities of Chiloé, who have federated their will and efforts to recreate one of the most representative repertoires, and, while unique in the world, the meeting spiritual and musical between European Christians and the indigenous Americans. From here we also thank the teachers and parents of these children, that with effort and enthusiasm have been able to understand, appreciate and engage with the cultural and spiritual development of their children.

also appreciate the effort and dedication by the community engaged Parish of Saint Mary of Loreto Achao, and especially its Cultural Enterprise Centre and Museum of Evangelization, with those who plan, organize and develop this wonderful project.

As last year, this version of the festival has made a digital phonograph record "in situ" of the activities taking place during the five days of the festival. So thanks to the Municipality of Achao and Carabineros de Chile - Achao deputy commissioner, who have given us their special collaboration to ensure an appropriate acoustic environment to record the sound of these performances. Likewise, we urge collaboration which can provide the public and the residents of the Parish of Achao, avoiding noise and activities in the surrounding streets that could hinder a proper sound recording. Thus, this beautiful music will be even more memorable.

Sergio Candia

Study Director MusicAntigua
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

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CHILOÉ RELIGIOUS PROJECTS AND STUDIES RELATED TO THE FESTIVAL

The origin of the idea of \u200b\u200bthis festival has been the intention of supporting and consolidating the work of the study, preservation and dissemination of religious and musical heritage of Chiloé, and work for several years Cultural Enterprise Centre at the Museum of Evangelization Parish Achao.

Therefore, during the first version of the festival began planning actions aimed at achieving the medium term that the valuable collection of audiovisual material treasured by the Parish of Achao can have a proper documentation that allows it known to the academia and scholars of the cultural heritage of peoples, both nationally and internationally.

Associated with this objective, three Chilean musicologists have made contributions that should be mentioned here.

Sebastian and Ursula San Cristóbal Gallardo carried out the project entitled "Cataloging and digitization of audiovisual and sound of the parish of Santa Maria de Loreto Achao" (funded by the Online Music Promotion Research in Music National 3CL13113200865326 Folio). Its main objectives were:

1. contribute to the preservation music records of oral tradition, through the development of a catalog of audiovisual material preserved in the archives of the Church of Our Lady of Santa Maria de Loreto Achao.
2. promote the dissemination of religious and cultural heritage of oral tradition, through the publication of the catalog on the network.

existing audiovisual material in the Church of Our Lady of Santa Maria de Loreto Achao is composed mainly by sound and audiovisual recordings of religious celebrations, meetings and festivities in which members of the community Achao and different islands of the archipelago of Chiloé. Within the framework festive music reappear linked to ritual practices of the early community of European colonization and evangelization in Chiloé, which still have symbolic meaning, religious and aesthetic of the early Jesuit missionaries. Despite their relationship, it would be naive to say that these songs have remained intact throughout the history: their present existence is strictly possible by reworking chilotas communities have made on them over time. The aesthetic stamp that human groups from different eras have been printed on multiple pieces holiday-music-now in force, allows us to postulate the patrimonial character of the music. Hence the importance of preserving this cultural property through specific actions for the classification and recording of information, which indicate, first, the creation of a catalog. This initiative comes Achao community, which has expressed its desire to install a system of organization of material heritage preserved in the Church of Our Lady of Santa Maria de Loreto, which allows easy access to it, both for the community chilota as researchers from different areas to show interest in local oral heritage.

Creating a catalog is a first step towards the creation of a file, which, no doubt, contribute to the unveiling of new horizons in the field of music research (for example, the association study between the documented and devotional music colonial music), and establish new points of convergence between the different disciplines interested in the subject, among which are counted Musicology, History, Folklorología, anthropology, aesthetics, and more.

The musician, historian and musicologist Victor Rondon, meanwhile, has worked with the festival by an adaptation his edition of Mission Song "Chilidúgú" especially dedicated to the implementation on children's voices and instruments chilotes, whose family origins refer specifically to meet the original cultures of the archipelago of Chiloé and Hispanic cultural matrix.

extracts reported here an account of the Rondon research, conducted by musicologist Rodrigo Torres and published in the Revista Musical Chilena, Santiago V.52 n.190 July 1998:

"The evangelical fervor of the Society of Jesus was the main driver of its business in the kingdom of Chile (1593-1767), and this win to the church, the souls of the natives of the New World was the crusade he joined the Bavarian priest Bernard of Havestadt (1714-1781), in the heyday of the Jesuit missions in the colony.

The intense experience, encounters and clashes with the Indians he visited, the loss of his equipment and even the very strong blow dealt to his head by a young missionary Pehuenche probably trigger an intention to conduct a work that it took many years to complete and several more to post. Is this your Chilidúgú sive tractatus Linguae Chilensis, written in the Araucanía (approx. 1752-1756) and Santiago (1756-1765) after many vicissitudes and published shortly before his death in Westphalia in 1777. To date, the book is the only known source where missionaries are songs with texts in Mapudungun and music "solfa start." Notes

Chilidúgú Rondón that is, in essence, a work for teaching and learning of the Mapuche language, but above all we feel is an attempt to install the core of the Mapuche culture, within their language, Mapudungun, the basic categories of conceptual and ideological apparatus that supported the company evangelical, ecclesiastical and imperial at the same time representing the latest attempt Jesuit-domain strategy before his exile, one of the indigenous peoples most refractory to this process across the continent.

This publication is a sound and documented missionary theme installation in local musicological agenda. On the one hand provides valuable information on this source of musicology and music Jesuit missionary in Chile and, secondly, provides the initial fruits of laborious research in this area. Rondón moving beyond purely descriptive elucidation of the primary sources with which it works, build relationships and interpretations that complicate the phenomenon renovadoramente missions, connect with their ethnic and cultural environment, and suggests an interesting opening to the past and the present projection, an issue that is only suggested but will be undoubtedly an important line of research to develop future work. "

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MUSICOLOGISTS ACTORS MUSIC FESTIVAL THIS SECOND

Musicians and ensembles participating

Boys Choir of Molulco Huilliches
Dir: Gabriel K. Coddou

The Boys Choir Huilliches Chiloé was created by Gabriel Coddou Mirror in 1993 under the aegis of the Development Fund for Culture and Arts of the Ministry of Education. This small choir consists of students from the Rural School "Molulco" in the commune of Quellón, the southernmost of the Isla Grande de Chiloé. This school is one that has more students in existing Huilliche Community in Chiloé and her students attend several rural localities.

One of a kind, this special feature choir is to sing songs translated into universal choral repertoire huilliche, with the aim of raising awareness of this beautiful native language, dialect mapuzungun, almost forgotten in Chiloé have been banned for more than two hundred years, like most of this ancient culture. Why huilliche songs and not translated into actual songs such huilliches? Because there are no suitable huilliches songs to be sung by a choir of children, the few who know are more of a ritual or have text in English and all are named after the "discovery" of America.

In these 15 years, where they have spent several generations of children, the Choir has a rich musical outreach work giving concerts and performing in Chiloé, Puerto Montt, Puerto Varas, Osorno, Concepción, Valdivia , Valparaiso and Santiago.

In January 1998 the choir recorded a CD together with the Joint Syntagma Musicum of the University of Santiago with the work "Chilidugú" also called Cancionero Jesuit Mapuche, the German Jesuit missionary Bernardo de Havestadt. In January 2000 phonographic recording made with a selection of songs in the book "Learning singing some of the beautiful language of Huilliches" under the same name, to be distributed in schools and community colleges Huilliche of Chiloé and in others rest of the country.

In 1998 the Rural School "Molulco" Art School was designated by the Ministry of Education and has had access to special projects and touring within and outside the country (Bariloche, Argentina).

Under the leadership of its current director, after the sudden death of its founding director in January 2004, the Choir has performed on numerous occasions among which are: the XXVI International Book Fair of Santiago in October 2006. A Tour of the X region in December 2006 under a project funded by the National Artistic Schools (FNEA). Two important actions in the VI and VII International Festival of Baroque Music of Latin American Calera de Tango 2007 and 2008 respectively. In March 2008, conducted a tour of the cities of Puerto Montt, Valdivia, Concepción, Bariloche - Argentina, and the final concert of this project funded by the National Fund for Artistic Schools was held at the headquarters of Compu Huilliche Cacica - Molulco . Along with its many performances in which he has offered the "Cancionero Jesuit" in several versions, the choir also performs choral repertoire songs translated into Huilliche universal, and most recently is working on a new repertoire: "Poetry in song." Unpublished texts most of which are part of the workshop literature Molulco School and are translated and put to music.

Liceo Orchestra Children's Island and Villa Quinchao Achao
Dir: Oscar Andrés Zapata

This group was founded with the support of the Municipal Corporation of Quinchao as part of the workshops of the school day full Achao Island High School and the School of Rural Villa Teresa Cárdenas Quinchao mid 2006.

After a learning period, both schools made different presentations of the results of their workshops, which include a presentation on the day of Special Education, in 2007, the Municipal Gymnasium Achao to which has continued in 2008, a concert at the Lyceum units Achao Island, presentation on the commemoration of Navy Day in the Municipal Gym of Achao and a presentation ceremony at the Library Literary Case Public Achao and participated in ceremonies own school.

In early 2008, both workshops are attached for an educational concert rural school Quinchao Villa Teresa Cárdenas. In December of that year, these children make their first Christmas concert and children's orchestra, presenting the community with the name of Liceo Orchestra Children's Island and Villa Quinchao Achao in the Church of Santa Maria de Loreto Achao.

The presentation of this band near the Boys Choir of Molulco Huilliches this Festival is a new milestone in the development and strengthening of educational and cultural work of this group, which has also involved the active participation of parents and guardians of participating children.

MusicAntigua Study
Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Founded in 1993 at the Music Institute of the Catholic University of Chile, this vocal and instrumental group has been engaged in research and interpretation repertoires of the Middle Ages, Renaissance and Baroque periods, focusing its work in recent years on projects of interpretation of Baroque music led by Gina Allende and Sergio Candia. The interpretations and artistic productions of all incorporated frequently work with artists of the theater and dance, investigating the links between representation, codes of gesture and the musical styles of the period.

A significant part of this research are oriented to artistic expressions of baroque secular but religious inspiration, they constitute a rich source for finding the Hispanic collective musical imagination. The consideration of cultural and aesthetic codes that establish pathways of continuity between past and present American joins the constant search for new meaning, or renewed, in the interpretation musical repertoire presented in its concert programs and recordings.

Since its founding, the group has made records, TV recordings and concerts in Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Paraguay, Colombia, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Germany, Holland and France. He has released four CDs: "Pour la Flute" (1996), with works for flute by French Baroque composers, "A play, sing, Bayle" (2003), with 19 works included in the "Anthology of Music Colonial South America "by Samuel Claro," Bird at dawn. Prince Music Songbook Esquilache "(2006) and" Passion. American Music Mysticism Baroque to the oral tradition "(2008). These latest productions have had under the auspices of the Research and Graduate Studies at the Catholic University of Chile, the FONDART and Cultural Council of State of Chile.

world premiere in May 2004, "Zuipaquî. Santa Maria ", a game of the Virgin Vespers and Mass of the eighteenth century Jesuit missions in Bolivia is an important milestone in the production of this set. With this realization MusicAntigua Study concluded the International Music Festival and Renaissance Baroque "Misiones de Chiquitos" in Bolivia, being hailed by the press, the public and critics Bolivia and Chile.

Singers and Prayer Makers of Chiloé

"Being the devout is a job for them, but does not charge rezador or FLa Novenera. In these times, if you have to go look in the vehicle, will and paid for, because the devout is a special person.

If you are prosecutors or patterns (among other qualities is that they know how to pray) go to your community and participate actively in the organization of the Feast. But usually rezadores are "wanted" to novena for the dead, funerals, praying the Month of Mary in their communities, the ninth of the test pattern. This is not necessarily what should the Prosecutor or pattern of the chapel.

In some cases they are "begging" especially, but when it comes to the wakes they become a duty, if the sector, to assist and pray the rosary, which is not the same as the ninth. In this case, "the owner" of the late ninth or feel the duty to provide goods and privileges to the devout and deliver a contribution in money, "what is your will," because they do not charge. Moreover, the "owner" is a must in providing maximum comfort. Otherwise, for owner has no validity.

They, as the place from which they come, join the family from the agony to end the ninth, when the person buried. If inclement weather the priest can not reach the island, give burial.

For wakes, are the latest charges made by the deceased or deceased. And when it is for Anniversary or "reminder" has the same meaning as God commands to remember loved ones.

But I think I have taken many detours. This is what I know, researchers do not know what to say, but this is a simple look that does not have chilota academic influences.

(Bernardita Oyarzun, Achao) "

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OLD RELIGIOUS MUSIC OF THE GARDEN OF CHRISTIANITY

Chilidugú the Jesuit Mission Song Bernardo Havestadt
(1714-1781)

(Letters to the concert on January 12-13)

is well known that music , And especially the song, was one of the most effective strategies for the evangelization of native peoples during the colonial period. All religious orders implemented a repertoire of songs whose text (the commandments, prayers and other major catechetical content) was set by the Council of Lima in the late sixteenth century, for all territories of the Archbishop of Peru, which were suffragan the Chilean bishops of Santiago and La Imperial, while the melodic material, ever changing, coming from the individual's own missionary tradition.

In Chile we have several sources Jesuits of the seventeenth and eighteenth containing such material, with varying degrees of explicitness about their musical content, but none as exceptional as that bequeathed us the Jesuit, of German origin, Havestad Bernardo (1714 - 1781), who, in his Tractatus sive Chilidugu chilensis tongue (1777), includes a collection of nineteen songs Mapudungun language.

Havestadt missionary experience in southern Chile in the mid eighteenth century, on either side of the Andes, made him a connoisseur of the Araucanian language, which allowed him to develop his monumental treatise began in Mapuche land, developed it in his retirement at school Order in Santiago, and ended up in exile in their homeland, where he returned after the expulsion order in 1767.

Havestadt catechetical texts adapted to the melodies he had learned during his childhood and youth in Cologne (Germany) home. These melodies have different origin: from medieval Gregorian hymns, congregational songs to German of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. In this corpus is also called "melody or tone of Paraguay" that was used by Jesuit missionaries in the famous towns and Guarani reductions that the order remained in the territory Andes. Stand in this code are also two songs whose function is related to parliaments or huepines between winka and Mapuche leaders, evidencing the interest of the Jesuits in the Araucanía achieve a peace that would enable them to carry reductions ahead with plans that ultimately never materialized.

This code was applied to both the mainland and the island huilliche Mapuche in the Archipelago of Chiloé, where the result was so successful evangelist who became known as "the garden of Christianity" . Although designated as an instrument Havestadt accompanying these songs a keyboard instrument, organ and harpsichord, the truth is that, in practice, this code will be accompanied with instruments that were at hand. Already by the end of the first third of the seventeenth century, had reached the islands the Jesuit brother, and viola da gamba performer, Louis Berger with the special request of the superiority of introducing the music and the teaching of stringed instruments. This leads us to assume that a version like that on this occasion is presented could be possible. In general, these songs have a limited melodic range, which with short sentences, symmetrical and regular rhythm, make them easy to learn and group singing. There are, however, one or two songs that are beyond the mold, forming a material that can be addressed by more experienced soloists.

The Chilidugu song, as it is known today, is the only colonial catechetical directory in the Americas, which has been preserved in its melodic and textual components. After its premiere and recording in 1997, by a chorus of children in the community huilliche of Compu, Quellón, chaired by the late musician Gabriel E. Coddou along the entire Syntagma Musicum Usach of these songs have been covered and recorded in various latitudes. However, it is a repertoire closely associated with those children singing, as the current Molulco Huilliche choristers and children violinists Quinchao commune have been, perhaps always, the main audience and most genuine performers.

Víctor Rondón
Mission Song Musicologist Chilidugú editor

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Roshan Prepaid Calling Card

COLONIZATION OF SOULS MUSIC PROGRAM

The music of the Jesuit missionaries in the Old and New World

(Notes about the concert on 14-15 January)

This presents a tour concert sound the stage musical imagination of a Jesuit of the eighteenth century.

production sonatas, concertos and recercares, by then part of the musical practices of European church environments, allows us to recompose the scene aesthetic experienced by many of the Jesuits who were to develop Company missions on American soil.

A case of particular relevance is the organist and harpsichordist Domenico Zipoli, which in Italy had been a disciple of the great Pasquini. This, in turn, shared musical aesthetic and the precepts that were minted in the Roman Arcadia environments, Upper Room in which he participated along with composers such as Arcangelo Corelli and Alessandro Scarlatti.

Such influences are felt in the vocal and instrumental music performed by the Jesuits in the new American concert. Indeed, in these works is easy to recognize the formal matrix of the sonata, cantata concert and Italian. Applications and duties assigned to this code imposed on American soil, without doubt, the use of text adaptation, instrumentation, and even forms. All this was in the missionary context, a tool eloquent, persuasive and "sweet" to achieve what the historian Fernando Mires has been called "the colonization of the souls."

The latter idea is what inspires the title of the concert. It brings together on one stage, that of his own Church of the Counter-echoes and glimpses of the rich European musical life in the memory of the missionaries, and far from their homelands. A double contrast with the message of salvation and prayer set to music is produced by comparing the repertoire Jesuit contemporary forms of music practiced in America but away from the missions, cathedrals and monasteries of the great metropolis of the colony, Lima, Quito, Santa Fe de Bogota, Guatemala and New Spain. But once again sounded, and even harder-fashion echoes and distant Europe: Corelli in Mexico, Ceruti in Peru ...

close this concert with a final twist in the infinite movement of the imagination across geographies and different times, Europe and America, Yesterday and Today: Songs of Father catechetical Havestadt, invented and taught Mapuche land in southern Chile. After the recall (from memory of the missionary melancholy perhaps, to show how new and inventive, do not know ...) and end up scoring in the Jesuit College in Santiago, Chile. Years later, in 1777, would be published in final retreat, back in his native Germany.

This concert program is also a musical tribute to the memory of evangelist and project Jesuit missionary in the colony. This goal stands especially in the presentation of a small part of the work of Father Havestadt, emerging a surprising link with the history of Achao, his home church and the Jesuit tradition chilota mission. This priest made an unprecedented musical "circular Trans mission." In fact, between October 1751 and March 1752, the mission traveled with a portable altar and on mules, more than 600 miles in mountainous areas in Chile and Argentina, between the river Maule and Villarrica volcano, north and south araucana mission of Santa Fe is likely that there has started to mint its project of making a catechism in indigenous languages \u200b\u200bwith European melodies. Noting

in key historical force in the musical traditions of Catholic devotion of the people and the renewed chilote practice of "round missions" under the initiative of the Parish of Achao, perhaps we can move a point in the understanding of the purposes stated this "missionary movement" with his Chilidúgú: "network to get through it souls."

H. Sergio Candia

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